Python Microproject: Guessing Game

Introduction

• Today, we'll learn how to build a simple guessing game.
• Basic concepts: Variables, Loops, Conditionals, Input/Output.

Concept

• The computer randomly selects a number between 1 and 100.
• The player tries to guess the number.
• The computer gives feedback: too high, too low, or correct.
• The goal: Guess the number in the fewest attempts.

Core Game Loop

• The heart of our guessing game will be the game loop.
• It repeatedly asks for user input until the correct number is guessed.
• Provides feedback based on the guess.

Pseudocode

Writing pseudocode can be an easy way to plan out your project:
Let's write some pseudocode for our guessing game!

WHILE true
    CREATE target number
    SET guess count to 0
    PROMPT "Guess a number between 1 and 100"
    READ guess from user
    INCREMENT guess count
    IF guess is equal to target number
        PRINT "Congratulations! You've guessed correctly."
        PRINT guess count
        EXIT loop
    ELSE IF guess is less than target number
        PRINT "Too low. Try again!"
    ELSE
        PRINT "Too high. Try again!"

Let's Get Started!

1. Importing Modules

• First, we need to import the random module, corresponding to "CREATE target number" in our pseudocode.

CREATE target number

import random

2. Generate a Target Number

• The computer selects a number between 1 and 100, fulfilling the "CREATE target number" part of our pseudocode.

CREATE target number

target_number = random.randint(1, 100)

3. Initializing the Guess Count

• Initialize a variable to keep track of how many guesses the player has made, as indicated by "SET guess count to 0" in our pseudocode.

SET guess count to 0

guess_count = 0

4. Asking for User Input

• Prompt the player to guess the number, as indicated by "PROMPT" and "READ guess from user" in our pseudocode.

PROMPT "Guess a number between 1 and 100"
READ guess from user

guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))

5. Writing the Game Loop

• Use a while loop to keep the game running, implementing our main game loop pseudocode.

WHILE true
    ...
    INCREMENT guess count

while True:
    guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
    guess_count += 1  # Increment guess count
    # Conditions will be added next.

6. Adding Conditions

• Check if the guess is too high, too low, or correct, matching the conditional parts of our pseudocode.

IF guess is equal to target number
    PRINT "Congratulations! You've guessed correctly."
    PRINT guess count
    EXIT loop
ELSE IF guess is less than target number
    PRINT "Too low. Try again!"
ELSE
    PRINT "Too high. Try again!"

if guess < target_number:
    print("Too low. Try again!")
elif guess > target_number:
    print("Too high. Try again!")
else:
    print(f"Congratulations! You've guessed correctly in {guess_count} tries.")
    break  # This exits the loop

Complete Game Code

• Below is the complete code integrating all the steps we've discussed.

import random

target_number = random.randint(1, 100)
guess_count = 0

while True:
    guess = int(input("Guess a number between 1 and 100: "))
    guess_count += 1
    if guess < target_number:
        print("Too low. Try again!")
    elif guess > target_number:
        print("Too high. Try again!")
    else:
        print(f"Congratulations! You've guessed correctly in {guess_count} tries.")
        break

Challenges

1. Check if the input is within the accepted range.
2. Set a limit on the number of guesses.
3. Allow the player to play again without restarting the program.
4. Let the players choose the range.
5. GUI?

Conclusion

• You've just built a simple guessing game in Python!
• Experiment with enhancements to improve the game.
• Keep practicing and have fun with Python.